Design starts well before the first wireframe and ends well after delivery.
I start from the business problem and the moment the user decides.
I come from economics, and it shows in how I work: each screen is a hypothesis with a cost, and I want to know what that cost is before it reaches development.
My method follows one chain: viability, product architecture, and scale. The order matters because each link depends on the one before it. A flawless architecture is useless if nobody needed the product. And a system that scales badly turns every good decision into debt for the team that comes next.
I use the same chain whether the role is design, product, or AI. The deliverable changes; the order of the questions does not. I have applied it for more than ten years in banking, travel, and enterprise, with very different teams and contexts.